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Post by Maolsheachlann on Jun 17, 2017 12:10:45 GMT
Raaaacist!
Xenophobe!
Inward-looking, insular, narrow-minded!
OK, I thought I'd just get that out of the way.
I wanted to start a thread about ethno-nationalism, civic nationalism, and other forms of nationalism.
Wikipedia (which is the fount of all knowledge) says: "Ethnic nationalism, also known as ethno-nationalism, is a form of nationalism wherein the "nation" is defined in terms of ethnicity.
The central theme of ethnic nationalists is that "nations are defined by a shared heritage, which usually includes a common language, a common faith, and a common ethnic ancestry". It also includes ideas of a culture shared between members of the group, and with their ancestors. However, it is different from a purely cultural definition of "the nation," which allows people to become members of a nation by cultural assimilation; and from a purely linguistic definition, according to which "the nation" consists of all speakers of a specific language."
Here is what Wikipedia says about civic nationalism:
"Civic nationhood is a political identity built around shared citizenship in a democratic state. Thus, a "civic nation" isn't defined by its language or culture, but by its political institutions and progressive principles, which its citizens pledge to uphold. Membership in the civic nation is open to anyone who shares these values.
In theory, a civic nation or state does not aim to promote one culture over another. German philosopher Jürgen Habermas argued that immigrants to a progressive state need not assimilate into the host culture, but only need to accept the principles of the country's Constitution."
Personally, my own form of nationalism is closer to nineteenth century romantic nationalism. I won't give the Wikipedia description, in order to avoid making this post too long, and because it's rather diffuse.
Here is my take on these concepts:
I think civic nationalism is just unbearably banal and it's hard to believe anyone can really find it satisfying. It reduces patriotism to common sense values of enlightened self-interest. Civic nationalists appeal to a "shared set of values", but there's nothing distinctive about these-- they usually boil down to democracy, free speech, pluralism, etc. etc. That is, abstractions which apply in one country just as well as in any other.
I'm much closer to ethno-nationalism, but I'm not entirely satisfied by it. It depends how you define "ethnic". If it's defined by DNA, then I'm not particularly keen on that. If it's defined by a mixture of DNA, language, culture, shared history, etc., then I'm much more on board with that.
As I've said, my preferred vision of nationalism is romantic nationalism. In Ireland's case, I very much identify with the Gaelic League and Gaelic Revival vision of Irishness. I like the poetic element, the nostalgic element, the revivalist element. I would consider romantic nationalism to be a brand of ethno-nationalism.
Finally, a question. How is that so many people in the West have apparently managed to override or extirpate the human need for tribal identity? Is "need" to strong a term? Have they merely replaced it with another tribal identity, an ideological tribal identity? I am reminded of this paragraph from Orwell, which is surely applicable to Irish intellectuals from at least the sixties and probably the thirties:
England is perhaps the only great country whose intellectuals are ashamed of their own nationality. In left-wing circles it is always felt that there is something slightly disgraceful in being an Englishman and that it is a duty to snigger at every English institution, from horse racing to suet puddings. It is a strange fact, but it is unquestionably true that almost any English intellectual would feel more ashamed of standing to attention during ‘God save the King’ than of stealing from a poor box.
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Post by servantofthechief on Jun 17, 2017 13:15:47 GMT
Civic Nationalism is wrong headed and on its own, will never truly work. Sure it works fine so long as the immigrants are from broadly similar cultures AND you enforce assimilation laws (Must speak the language of the land to prosper, encourage them to adopt common national first names for their children, heavily favour the national religion and encourage them to convert, little touches like that were considered basic common sense centuries ago, and weren't really questioned) This is, afterall, how we Irish effectively Gaelicized our conquerors, the Normans and the Vikings, turning them into the Norse-Gaels and Old-English respectively and now the average genetic ancestry of a Fitzwilliam or a MacAsgaill is usually over 90% Irish (if you know anything about genetic homogenity that is CRAZILY high here in Europe, the only places higher are Finland and, surprisingly enough, the North of Italy who are still the same cisalpine celts they always were). The key difference between those conquerors and the later English invasion, was of course they were all Catholic (eventually in the case of the Norse-Gaels) so intermarriage and assimilation was easier and in some ways inevitable.
In the modern day however, civic nationalism can't quite work the same as it did in those times. Flood England with white north Americans with heavy English ancestry and you're still likely to change England irrevocably. But thats if its a flood, if its slow and steady and assimilation is enforced, it would work a lot better. I prefer a mixture of Ethnic and Civic nationalism where the state favours and promotes the revival of the Gaelic language and its civilization, and does its best to ensure the prosperity of the Irish people, socially, culturally, economically and ethnically. We're too small a country to be messing around with mass migration in an era were we are a ridiculously thin sliver of a minority of the world's overall population. I am not against immigration, truth be told, especially not to people who wish, in a sense, to genuinely become Irish (most immigrants from America and the Anglosphere genuinely tend to be this kind of immigrant who want to be assimilated.) which I am fine with.
In short I want a nationalism that promotes the growth of our population to the size it should have been had the famine not happened. With the current 'Greening' of Europe where our forests are growing to sizes not seen since the end of the Roman era because we now have technology that allows to feed more people with less land used, we really have no excuse not to encourage this. I want 'too many Irishmen' to be a problem the future simply has to deal with as a reality. My only fear is it would create mini 'Dublins' all over the Country, we've seen what that does vis-a-vis liberalisation of a people.
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Post by rogerbuck on Jun 19, 2017 12:23:59 GMT
This thread points to the crying need I think to find and define a third position beyond this civic-ethnic binary.
In my very limited experience of the Alt-Right, I am very deeply disturbed by all this emphasis on skin pigmentation, DNA etc. Even when it claims not to be racist or perhaps even genuinely is not racist, a real danger persists of INCITING racial hatred in others or even simply a milder racial antipathy. I think this is playing with fire and really my words aren't strong enough for how dangerous this is.
What can I say? I am an immigrant in this country with only a small strand of DNA connecting me to it via an Irish great grandfather who emigrated to England at the time of the famine. But Ireland means far, far more to me than either my British parentage or American birth.
One can really come to love a country I believe that one has little or no genetic connection to. This love is what you, Maolsheachlann, are getting at with "Romantic Nationalism" and it is something that needs to be much more deeply considered and elaborated.
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Post by servantofthechief on Jun 19, 2017 13:26:26 GMT
The emphasis of the Alt Right on DNA and skin pigmentation is dangerous yes, its a direct consequence of the identity politics the left has been playing for decades now. My only real hesitancy regarding the matter is that on some level, it does matter. How much it should matter and in what way I don't know yet.
A full civic nationalist would emphasis it doesn't matter, at all which is the current American stance on the issue, that anyone who comes to the country, adopts its values, is an American, regardless of blood or ancestry. For a long time this seemed to be true but it was only because the American government carefully and selectively allowed enough immigration to 'fill up the country' do its best to disperse the new population to prevent ethnic enclaves forming (which they will do naturally) and then slowly ensure they adopt the culture of the country and 'become Americans' via assimilation. Whats often forgotten is how America deliberately narrowed the number of desirable countries of origin for most immigrants to be white European countries (or similar daughter nations, like Canada and Australia). This was done to maximise assimilation and reduce the likelihood of enclaves which, if you know history happened anyway. Irish families tended to congregate in New England and Germanic families out in the mid west still spoke German up until the first world war, when pressures to conform made them adopt English. Then America went off the hinges with immigration in the 1960s. So basically for most of its history civic nationalism in America had an unstated 'but only if you're white and Christian' clause regarding immigrants.
The opposite extreme is full, shameless, ethnonationalism, the prime example of which would be Japan, which basically allows in almost no immigrants to its country, come Hell or High Water, even if you married a Japanese person you'd only be given residency and not citizenship (though that may be changing, which is a stupid decision to make in today's world). This is, at least, peaceful in its execution if somewhat stiff necked and diffident. You also had Australia which was so hilariously shameless in its immigration policy for many years that it actively selected against anyone who wasn't European. Essentially it was hard enough for Europeans to get in, but anyone who wasn't a European, or European descendant, had to speak two European languages to pass the entrance requirement. One Chinese man had went to the trouble of learning every European language he could in order to be admitted. And when the test came, the two languages he was asked to write answers in were English... and Basque, a language he had probably never even heard of.
It is shameless and perhaps unfair, but the problem we need to realise here is this: Immigration is not a right. You have no right to demand entry into another man's house, even if you are in need. Should skin pigmentation and ethnic ancestry matter in terms of who you allow into the country? In the past I would have said no, but now I am not so sure. If you took every Irishman on this island and wipe them from the Earth, fill the country with Slavs from Eastern Europe, brainwash them to think they are Irish to the point of speaking fluent Gaelige and let them call themselves Irish, are they Irish? A good friend of mine would argue there would essentially be no difference if you did such. Now imagine the same thing only the replacing population is a bunch of Africans, or Middle Easterners. Now the only difference is skin pigmentation, right? Nothing else? Would China still be China if you erased all the Chinese and filled the country up with Ethnic Irishmen who all spoke Chinese?
Is there no spiritual aspect to a nation's continuity in its connection with its ancestors?
I agree a form of Romantic Nationalism is preferable to all this hogwash, the problem is a romantic nationalism would still include elements of ethnonationalism (relation to the ancestors in spirit at least with blood being preferable) which will repulse the civic nationalists, who will see themselves as too principled to truck with such evident racism. And it would repulse the ethnonationalists who would view the airs of civic nationalism within Romantic Nationalism as treacherous deceit, seeing it as yet another guys of short sighted civic nationalists as it is not nearly racist enough. A reconciliation needs to occur here and I ma not sure how it could be achieved.
(It should be noted we need to define our terms here. Racism is defined in judging an indidivual person's character based on their birth into one group or another, not necessarily the judgement of that group as a whole based on their past behaviour. Sectarianism I would argue operates the same way. Judging Muslims as a whole as dangerous because of their historic practices is not sectarianism, but judging an individual muslim as a dangerous terrorist is prejudiced and sectarian, even if he has not given you cause to think that about him personally. Its a fine line to thread.)
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Post by Maolsheachlann on Jun 19, 2017 13:29:20 GMT
I think saying "skin pigmentation" trivialises it a bit, though. I don't agree with the Alt Right about race, but it's important not to be reductive. Race is about more than skin colour-- it's about how people behave because of skin colour. And perhaps there are more significant biological differences, although I'm agnostic on that point. To say "skin pigmentation" is a bit like minimizing sex and reducing it to anatomy.
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Post by servantofthechief on Jun 19, 2017 14:10:26 GMT
True but I think what Rogerbuck is worried about is Genetic Determinism, which I will concede is a genuine fear if we reduce it to genetics like the Alt Right does. The naturalist, nihilist bent of modern day atheism mixed with the 'race-realism' pf the Alt-Right can lead to dangerous consequences. I am not denying there is nothing to it, I am simply saying we have to be careful about this discussion.
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Post by Maolsheachlann on Jun 19, 2017 16:00:06 GMT
I agree a form of Romantic Nationalism is preferable to all this hogwash, the problem is a romantic nationalism would still include elements of ethnonationalism (relation to the ancestors in spirit at least with blood being preferable) which will repulse the civic nationalists, who will see themselves as too principled to truck with such evident racism. And it would repulse the ethnonationalists who would view the airs of civic nationalism within Romantic Nationalism as treacherous deceit, seeing it as yet another guys of short sighted civic nationalists as it is not nearly racist enough. A reconciliation needs to occur here and I ma not sure how it could be achieved. Indeed, servantofthechief, this is very well put and I fully agree-- with your whole post, but especially this. One thing that particularly grates on me, in the Alt Right, is a kind of bullishness and anti-sentimentalism that I don't like. I feel they've gone from the extreme of ancestry being irrelevant to ancestry being EVERYTHING-- it's all about our "hardwiring". Aspirations and culture and values are only epiphenomena. The thing about romantic nationalism, especially in a country like Ireland, is that it was always at least as much aspirational and imaginative as it was realistic.
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Post by MourningIreland on Jun 19, 2017 16:20:51 GMT
...What can I say? I am an immigrant in this country with only a small strand of DNA connecting me to it via an Irish great grandfather who emigrated to England at the time of the famine. But Ireland means far, far more to me than either my British parentage or American birth. One can really come to love a country I believe that one has little or no genetic connection to.... This is an interesting thread although not one I'm able to contribute much to at present. I did however want to concur with Roger's sentiments above. Speaking for myself - I am only partly Irish, and spent many years living in the US, where I was educated. This background no doubt influences what I am about to say: The notion of a DNA connection to Ireland is, in my view, a bit overhyped; "being Irish" is, to a significant degree, a state of mind (more on that point later). Ireland today is made up largely of men who are genetically Irish but who pledge loyalty to one tribe only: the Globalists.
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Post by servantofthechief on Jun 19, 2017 16:33:28 GMT
The problem with saying the blood connection is overhyped, although there is some truth in what you say mourning Ireland in that being Irish, in part, is something of a state of mind (I would argue there is more of a spiritual connection in that sense, in that one can have the soul of an Irishman while not necessarily having much if any of a genetic connection), is we now exist in an era were denying its importance will be used as an excuse to ignore it outright by liberals who want to deconstruct the Irish people and atomise us completely and by relieved civic nationalists who feel very uncomfortable with that link being emphasised (surprise surprise, because they fear being called racists).
If I ever seem bullish or obstinate in not relenting on this point, it is because it is so incredibly fragile right now as we as a community no longer have that strong of a sense of self or where we came from, it is too easy to break. I agree fully that the Alt Right takes it to ludicrous, even farcical extremes where it seems it is the only thing that matters to them, which is a very empty state of affairs if ever there was one, but it does indeed matter. We have to not be shy about stating this clearly. Aye, it does not exclude those who come here who are not Irish from becoming Irish, but civic nationalism is a dangerous road to travel for a country as small as ours.
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Post by MourningIreland on Jun 19, 2017 16:54:35 GMT
The problem with saying the blood connection is overhyped, although there is some truth in what you say mourning Ireland in that being Irish, in part, is something of a state of mind (I would argue there is more of a spiritual connection in that sense, in that one can have the soul of an Irishman while not necessarily having much if any of a genetic connection), is we now exist in an era were denying its importance will be used as an excuse to ignore it outright by liberals who want to deconstruct the Irish people and atomise us completely and by relieved civic nationalists who feel very uncomfortable with that link being emphasised (surprise surprise, because they fear being called racists). If I ever seem bullish or obstinate in not relenting on this point, it is because it is so incredibly fragile right now as we as a community no longer have that strong of a sense of self or where we came from, it is too easy to break. I agree fully that the Alt Right takes it to ludicrous, even farcical extremes where it seems it is the only thing that matters to them, which is a very empty state of affairs if ever there was one, but it does indeed matter. We have to not be shy about stating this clearly. Aye, it does not exclude those who come here who are not Irish from becoming Irish, but civic nationalism is a dangerous road to travel for a country as small as ours. I am by no means a civic nationalist and in fact am largely in agreement with what you say here, ergo my choice of words - "a bit overhyped." Genetics are a big part of the puzzle, but I still don't understand however how a people can abandon their cultural identity en masse in a single generation and replace it with a globalist identity if DNA is that overwhelming a force. There must be something much deeper at work than DNA per se to hold a national identity together - given how rapidly ours has unravelled.
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Post by Maolsheachlann on Jun 19, 2017 16:54:48 GMT
Agree absolutely with servant. It's not that I think you can't be Irish without two or even one ethnically Irish parent. I think you can. But I won't make the leap to "ethnicity is irrelevant". I think parentage should remain the usual way Irishness is bestowed. And as I type this, on my phone, I've just passed an adorable little Asian girl counting to ten in Irish. Ha. Basically I believe in ethnonationalism but with leeway for cases like Roger's and Mourning Ireland's.
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Post by Maolsheachlann on Jun 19, 2017 16:57:19 GMT
I agree with you, Mourning Ireland....genetics is part of the recipe, certainly not all of it by any means.
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Post by Maolsheachlann on Jun 19, 2017 17:00:01 GMT
Mourning Ireland would be covered under ethnonationalism anyway.
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Post by Maolsheachlann on Jun 19, 2017 20:27:30 GMT
An interesting aspect of this question, in the Irish context, is that Sinn Féin (Provisional) strike me as a party who were civic nationalists all along but who used the trappings of ethnonationalism-- the Irish language, Irish music, GAA games, and so forth. Now, there's no logical contradiction there, but there does seem to be a certain mismatch in style and substance.
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Post by servantofthechief on Jun 19, 2017 20:33:58 GMT
Sinn Fein hasn't been nationalist in a long time, if it ever was. It has always been a party of ruthless political practicality. It started as a dual-monarchist party in the 19th century (those who approved of Ireland being out of the United Kingdom, as a kingdom in its own right, but shared the monarch of Britain as its own, along the lines of Austria-Hungary, because of the popularity of the empire among 19th century nationalists), part of my abandonment of the Republican ideology was my realisation of how they were simply using northern nationalists as political headcount cattle.
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